Cornell University Scientists Engineer Bacteria to Detect Arsenic Exposure

Scientists at Cornell University have engineered E. coli to act as a living sensor capable of detecting and recording arsenic exposure in the environment. The new biosensor is designed to work even in anaerobic environments where arsenic contamination is a major concern. The study provides proof of principle that could help monitor toxic pollutants in challenging environments.

The engineered bacteria function by using an enzyme called Cre recombinase, which triggers genetic changes in the bacteria's DNA when arsenic is present, creating a record that can be detected for up to 12 generations. The system also produces a fluorescent signal when the bacteria encounter arsenic. The system can detect very low, nanomolar concentrations of arsenic and works under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions.

The researchers say the approach could be adapted to detect other environmental toxins and applied to different microbial systems. The study highlights the potential of engineered living biosensors as low-cost, reliable tools for environmental monitoring and improved public health protection.

For more information, read the article from Cornell University.