Clemson Scientists Discover Reduced-Allergen Peanut Lines

Scientists at Clemson University's Pee Dee Research and Education Center have identified key genetic regions that control production of the major allergenic proteins in peanuts. The discovery could help plant breeders develop peanut varieties that reduce the risk of accidental allergic exposure.

Peanuts contain several proteins that can trigger allergic reactions. Four of these proteins, Ara h1, Ara h2, Ara h3, and Ara h6, cause the most severe responses. Published in Functional & Integrative Genomics, the study analyzed 92 genetically diverse peanut lines and found significant differences in allergen levels. The team also identified chromosomal regions associated with allergen production

Led by molecular plant breeder Sachin Rustgi, the team's findings equip plant breeders with genetic markers to accelerate the development of safer peanut varieties without sacrificing yield or nutritional value. Researchers hope these future low-allergen peanut lines will lower the risk of severe accidental exposure, make oral immunotherapy more accessible, and give peace of mind to millions of families managing food allergies. Further testing is currently underway to confirm how the identified genes perform in real-world agricultural conditions and to ensure taste and crop resilience remain uncompromised.

For more details, read the article in Clemson News.